The Concert of Europe Essay - 1082 Words

The Concert of Europe The Congress System, which took the form of a series of congresses and diplomatic meetings held between 1818 and 1822, can be regarded as a practical expression of the rather general concept of the Concert of Europe. The Concert of Europe was an attempt to regularize the conflicting ambitions of the Great Powers in the interests of Europe as a whole. As such, its effectiveness was dependant on the willingness of all five Great Powers to show moderation in the pursuit of their individual interests. Without this, it would be impossible to reach a consensus on important issues. Although The Concert’s main aim was to maintain peace, revolts in different areas of Europe such as†¦show more content†¦By the terms of the Treaty, whereas Britain might intervene alone in Portugal in defence of its measures, France was specifically forbidden from doing so in Spain. After a combination of the Spanish army and British navy destroyed the absolutist forces of King Miguel and Don Carlos in the spring of 1834, Miguel fled but Carlos presented more of a problem, as he renewed his claim and raised more troops, joining forces with the Basques in their flight for independence. But neither Britain nor France was prepared for Guerrilla warfare so they therefore refused the Spanish Queen’s appeals for official military aid in 1835, sending token forces of volunteers or irregular troops instead. The recriminations between Britain and France was as a result from Palmerston’s reluctance to allow France the opportunity to restore her influence in Madrid by lending more effective aid to the liberal causes. The friction that was being created by France’s and Britain’s involvement with the Spanish crisis was proving to be a threat to the Concert of Europe. As Britain and France were two of the major powers who were influential in the Concert and it decisions, it would be completely inappropriate to have disagreements and continuing conflict between these two powers when deciding on major issues. This would mean that the Concert would notShow MoreRelatedThe Concert of Europe1941 Words   |  8 PagesThe concert of Europe could be said to have had a substantial level of accountability in the preservation of peace because it brought about a common satisfaction of the status quo. The concert was forged under the thought that none of the great powers was interested in changing the international order to best suit their need. This is because, no power could be so â€Å"dissatisfied that it questioned the legitimacy of the entire order.† (83 p.145 Kupchan.) Some may arg ue that the concert was not createdRead MoreDiscuss How Nationalism Spread Across Europe with Napoleon but Was Repressed for a Generation Under the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe Until the Revolutions of 1848876 Words   |  4 PagesRevolution and was spread to the rest of Europe by Napoleon’s conquests. Nationalism was used by Napoleon to make France a great power in Europe. Nationalism helped France to develop a national language which was taught in schools to replace local dialects. This unification of language helped the people of France to feel closer to each other, with more in common. It also helped the country in its economics and politics. As Napoleon conquered more areas in Europe, Nationalism rose. Nationalism isRead MoreMarian Anderson1327 Words   |  6 PagesFellowship, in Europe. Following debuts in Berlin in 1930 and London in 1932, Anderson concertized in Scandinavia, Germany, South America, and the Soviet Union. In Salzburg, Austria, she gave a sensational performance at the Mozarteum with famous conductor Arturo Toscanini in the audience. Upon hearing her sing, Toscanini reportedly told her she had a voice heard but once in a century. At the end of her European tour, Anderson was an acclaimed sensation in the capitals of Europe, and AmericanRead MoreShort Answer Questions On The Peace Of Westphalia1287 Words   |  6 PagesShort Answer Questions 1. The Peace of Westphalia was a turning in European diplomacy for an important reason. Prior to the signing of the Peace of Westphalia, Europe was plagued with wars that had religious motivations. For example, the Thirty Years’ War was initially caused by a religious conflict between Catholicism and Protestantism in the Holy Roman Empire. Many of the wars during the Protestant Reformation were caused by religious differences between Catholics and Protestants. Atrocities, suchRead MoreNazi Power And Their Regulations On Censorship986 Words   |  4 PagesA few downsides to this rather successful scene, however, stemmed from the Nazi power and their regulations on censorship. One guideline of the music in Europe was the banning of degenerate music along with any performance or mentioning of Jewish composers and their compositions. Due to this stipulation, several cycles of Beethoven and Wagner worked their way trough this group during this period. Jewish musicians were also fo rced to leave their jobs in the orchestra, leaving a big gap in performersRead MoreThe Cold War And The Pre Wwi Conditions1591 Words   |  7 Pagesin 1815. In order to create a genuine balance of power, this was attained using an alternate rule going for peace – the concert of Europe. As Sheehan (1996:122) contends ‘the concert system was not a development of balance practice but rather represented a quite different approach to international security’. Moreover, Fay (referred to in Sheehan 1966:122) states that ‘The Concert aims to secure agreement and participation by appeasement and by reducing the tendency of the powers to group into opposingRead MoreBaltimore Symphony Orchestr The Only Major American Orchestra1621 Words   |  7 Pagesorchestra’s primary venue is the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, with the Music Center at Strathmore in Bethesda as a secondary; making it the nation’s first orchestra with year-round venues in two metropo litan areas. The ensemble performs more than 130 concerts a year and has had 89 world premiere and 42 commissioned works since its founding. The first conductor of the Symphony was Gustav Strube (1917 – 30), followed by George Siemonn (1930-35), Ernest Schelling (1935-37), Werner Janssen (1937-390, HowardRead MoreIphone Marketing Assignment1235 Words   |  5 Pagescommunicate with colleagues, friends and family. Our secondary consumer targets are high school, college and graduate students who need one portable multifunction device. Demographics- Generation Y, middle-upper income, ages 18-40 Geographics- Europe, United States (New York and California), Japan Psychographics: business style, technologically oriented, urban Behavior Response- early adopters, keeping up with new trends Digital Live America Solution Research Group performed an independentRead MoreTaking a Look at Marian Anderson1334 Words   |  5 Pagesfrequency female voice with in a choir. Although Anderson is classified as a classical vocalist her repertoire included many genres such as opera, traditional American songs, concert literature and spirituals. Her live performances spanned the years of 1925 to 1965. The majority of her performances were recitals or concerts, some of which took place within major venues. Through Anderson’s successful career she paved a path for many other African-American vocal artists to follow. This paper exploresRead MoreThe French Music994 Words   |  4 Pagesfifty-nine percent while concert frequency and regularity also increased. Why the sudden increase in activity? Many believe it may be to due a certain mentality and psychology that people â€Å"want to get away from the obsessions of the present time,† understandably referring to the exhaus ting and troubling times of the war. A few downsides to this rather successful scene, however, stemmed from the Nazi power and their regulations on censorship. One guideline of the music in Europe was the banning of degenerate

Supernatural Elements Of The Nineteenth Century - 1693 Words

The beginning of the nineteenth century was also the start of a legendary movement in literature, known as Romanticism. Authors during this period created their own worlds by using their imaginations. Individuals no longer saw themselves a measure of everything around them, but rather as one more component of the great source of life and creativity: nature. The Romantics placed emphasis on emotions such as apprehension, terror, and awe as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, as well as the feelings that accompany confronting the sublimity and beauty of nature, especially. Supernatural elements are not present in all Romantic literature; however, the supernatural approach was an important and arguably crucial strategy for Romanticism to achieve its purposes. In order to fully understand how supernatural themes played such a large role in Romanticism, we must further explore what Romanticism really is. This spiritual and artistic movement rejected rationalism, and emerged as a reaction against ‘the age of enlightenment’, which put strong emphasis on reason and logic. Thus, for the Romantics, literary creation was what the artist produced after reconstructing or developing a new interpretation of the world around him. It was the offspring of imagination applied to the writer’s impressions of real life. Authors such as Coleridge, Blake, and Shelley, believed that literary creation was the product of transforming reality into something beyond reason, but not beyond theShow MoreRelatedUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1740 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreEnglish Romanticisms Influences on the Works of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein 653 Words   |  3 Pageseighteenth and nineteenth century that swept all over Europe; it affected not only literature, but all areas of life and society. The concept of Romanticism started when people began to feel a deep concern for problems of our existence, death, and the world. Romantic literature was more emotional, personal, and intense than what had been seen in any other type of literature. Romanticism can include one or all of these elements such as emotio ns, childhood, innocence, nature, the past, supernatural, the commonRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1186 Words   |  5 Pages The nineteenth-century novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling into the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers throughRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe nineteenth-century Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling into the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers through realisticRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein As A Gothic Novel1042 Words   |  5 Pagescastles, mystery, and suspense: these are all elements of a Gothic novel. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein was written in the early 19th century, the novel certainly contains many components of a Gothic novel. Shelley uses various literary devices to support the element of a supernatural event, dreams, emotions, and metonymy of gloom, which classify Frankenstein as a Gothic novel. Immediately after Frankenstein’s supernatural creation, Victor’s horrifying dream foreshadowsRead MoreWashington Irving and Romanticism Essays1611 Words   |  7 Pageslearning. Washington Irving’s use of Romanticism is portrayed in his writings very clearly and boldly. Romanticism is a revolt against rationalism that affected literature and other arts, beginning in the late eighteenth century and remaining strong throughout most of the nineteenth century. Romanticism has multiple characteristics and contrasts to the many beliefs of the people. These characteristics deal with many economic, social, and political issues and traditions. Romanticism as a conviction thatRead MoreHave You Ever Admired A Sculpture? Did You Wonder Why It1041 Words   |  5 Pages Sculpture is one of the most oldest art forms dating back over 35,000 years ago. There are many methods, tools, and products used to make sculptures. The eighteenth and nineteenth century was a time for many conflicts about sculpting and different forms of sculpting were created. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, sculptures were getting new styles added to them. Some of these styles were added in different periods including the Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Realism periods. NeoclassicismRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 Pagesstaples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elements of fear, horror, death, and gloom. (19th Century) There are three main types of gothic literature. These are Victorian, 20th Century, and American literature. Based on Edgar Allan Poe stories and poems, he fits intoRead MoreGothic Elements In Jane Eyre872 Words   |  4 Pagesglobal widespread of dark, horrific elements in writing. Gothic literature creates imagination of supernatural events and feelings of mystery and fear. In Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Gothic novel, Jane Eyre, Jane’s character develops and perseveres past her difficult setbacks, finding her true love, Mr. Rochester, along her journey. Descriptions of Jane’s surroundings and character’s features highlight the dark, fearful feeling prominent in the novel. The Gothic elements in Jane Eyre are depicted through her

Ernest Hemingway The Man and Essay Example For Students

Ernest Hemingway The Man and Essay By: Laura Wiser Ernest Hemingway The Man and His Work On July 2, 1961, a writer whom many critics call the greatest writer of this century, a man who had a zest for adventure, a winner of the Nobel Prize and the Pulitzer Prize, a man who held esteem everywhere on that July day, that man put a shotgun to his head and killed himself. That man was Ernest Hemingway. Though he chose to end his life, his heart and soul lives on through his many books and short stories. Hemingways work is his voice on how he viewed society, specifically American society and the values it held. No other author of this century has had such a general and lasting influence on the generation which grew up between the world wars as Ernest Hemingway (Lania 5). The youth that came of age during this time came to adopt the habits, way of life, and essentially the values of Hemingways characters. The author , however, was just depicting his characters as he saw the typical American in the 1920s. In his mind this meant a people filled with melancholy denial. Hemingway became the chief reporter of what became known as the Lost Generation. This phrase is attributed to Gertrude Stein, a friend of Hemingways, who meant youth, angry with life itself after the war; drowning themselves in alcohol; sleeping away the days and sharing their beds with a new partner each night. Thus, Hemingway depicts America as a society with a profuse amount of twisted values. A constant theme runs through all of Hemingways work. That man can be defeated but not destroyed. Once such novel that depicts this, as well as American values, is A Farewell to Arms. During the course of the story, the two main characters lieutenant Frederick Henry and nurse Catherine Barkley, become the victims of a cruel and hostile age. Their love story, which starts in a field hospital where the lieutenant is being treated for severe leg injuries, ends with Catherines death. She dies in childbirth but it is actually the war that condemns them both to destruction. After the Italian defeat at Caporetto, the lieutenant becomes a deserter. He flees with his now impregnated lover to Switzerland, but they cannot escape the despair and horror of the war. Their attempts to wipe it out by consuming bottle after bottle of alcohol has only ill effects. This novel is a drawn out definition of Steins generation. It is the story of a man torn apart by the reality of war and love. In the beginning of the war Frederick is disappointed at the lack of action. When his first test on the field of battle occurs, however, he sees the truth of war as a friend dies in his arms. At first the reader may think that the lieutenant was insensitive, but his true feelings show in these two lines: I wiped my hand on my shirt and another floating light came very slowly down and I looked at my leg and was very afraid. Oh, God, I said, get me out of here. (Hemingway 55) From this point on the war begins to break him down. The lieutenants increasing consumption of alcohol lets on that he is trying to avoid thinking about what has happened to him. The wine flows so freely that the porter at the hospital carries out the lieutenants trash by the sack load. The drinking causes him to have jaundice as well as happy thoughtsthe price he pays for the liquor. Hemingway shows American drinking habits in this book which coincide with Steins idea. .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .postImageUrl , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:hover , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:visited , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:active { border:0!important; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:active , .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u261d03bde1e3d6debe215f49c7a9177f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bipolar Disorder2 Essay Frederick, like many men and women in the 1920s, sought to avoid his problems by turning to alcohol to make him feel better about himself and his situation. Along with a drinking problem the bedridden man decides to take his nurse as his lover. Lieutenant Frederick convinces himself he is in love with her and thinks nothing of it when he finds the nurse is with child. To avert his attention from the war he takes responsibility for Catherine and in the end becomes a deserter only to have his lover

Swidden Farming

Swidden farming or shift farming refers to an agricultural system in which fields are cleared, cultivated and fallowed (Vogt, 1999). Globally, farmers have employed this system for the last eight thousand years. It has since then been associated with the shifting patterns in cultivation necessitated by soil exhaustion (Vogt, 1999).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Swidden Farming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To regenerate soil fertility and exploit nutrients in a natural vegetation soil cover, farmers have to regularly abandon and shift their farming sites. However, despite its widespread use, swidden farming is no longer sustainable in the contemporary societies in most of the developing countries (Vogt, 1999). Although this farming technique has been efficient in the past, it has proved to be unsustainable with the current increase in the global population (Vogt, 1999). Beyond a certain population limit, the sustainability of the technique ceases as land productivity fails to meet the ever-increasing population density. Similarly, the increase in population densities in developing countries has resulted in land scarcity as the available land is overused which leads decreased productivity value (Vogt, 1999). With the destruction of vegetation cover, soil quality is compromised and gradually becomes poor in supporting crop farming. Through cutting, slashing and burning of vegetation cover, destruction of soil nutrients occur (Hirst, 1988). As a result, soil fertility may completely diminish for the preceding vegetation cover. As illustrated by most communities practicing swidden farming, the technique entails cutting down trees from a virgin land (Hirst, 1988). Thereafter, the trees are used for charcoal production. In the subsequent year, the piece of land is set on fire to allow the growth of grass for cattle. Through this process, large-scale soil erosion is usually unavoidable as the re are no plant roots to provide support to the soil (Hirst, 1988). Consequently, water will eventually wash away the few remaining nutrients from the soil. Due to these negative impacts on the soil, shifting farming has ceased to be sustainable as it productivity cannot support the ever increasing human population.Advertising Looking for essay on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ultimately, the shifting of land ownership from community to individuals will eventually face out shifting farming, as there will be considerably limited land available for these practices (Ballard, 2009). Individual land ownership allows the subdivision of land into small portions owned by individuals or private ventures. These small portions will necessitate innovative farming techniques to maximize and increase productivity. Therefore, as more societies shift to adopt individual land ownership in the near future, the practice of shift f arming will slowly turn into an unsustainable farming venture (Ballard, 2009). The labor and time required in slashing and burning in shift farming is enormous. Coupled with its poor returns, shift farming is currently unsustainable and uneconomical (Ballard, 2009). Instead, farmers should explore other alternative farming techniques to improve on their productivity and economic returns. Among these preferred alternatives is the adoption of modern farming techniques that allow the production of sufficient food to feed the increasing population. Furthermore, these techniques are environmentally friendly and economically viable (Ballard, 2009). Globally, climate change has been the main reason for dwindling farm returns. Global warming occurs due to the emission of carbon dioxide and other green house gases. Swidden farming has been blamed as a chief contributor of green house gases (Ballard, 2009). Thus, the continued use of this system of farming results in numerous adverse effects on the environment. It is evident that swidden farming is not only unsustainable, but also hazardous to the environment. References Ballard, C. (2009). Sustainable farming. Mankato, Minn.: Arcturus Pub..Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Swidden Farming specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hirst, J. (1988). Small-scale agriculture. Canberra: Commonwealth Foundation, Commonwealth Geographical Bureau and Dept. of Human Geography. Vogt, D. (1999). Swidden farming and fallow vegetation in northern Thailand. Stuttgart: Steiner. This essay on Swidden Farming was written and submitted by user Shaniya O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.